River System

Principal river system of the world

Nile (Africa)	Longest river (6690km) White Nile : originates from Lake Albert (Uganda) and Blue Nile (Ethiopia) ; join 2gether at Khartoum in Sudan to form River Nile ; flowing thru Egypt (longest course) it falls into Mediterranean Sea near Alexandria
Amazon ( South America )	Originates from Andes Mountain (Peru); tributaries come from Boilivia,Ecuador and Venezuela ,, flows mainly thru Brazil and falls into Atlantic Ocean
Yangtze Kiang (Asia )	Rises in north-east Tibet ; flows mainly thru China, draining into the East China Sea
Mississippi-Missouri (North America )	Mississippi- rises in Lake Itasca(USA); Missouri joins it Saint Louis ; they flow into Gulf of Mexico( New Orleans)
Mackenzie (North America )	Rising in great Slave lake , flows thru Canada to Mackenzie Bay in Arctic Ocean
Mekong (Asia)	Rises in Tibet. Falls into South china Sea
Niger (Africa)	Rising near Sierra Leone , it crosses Niger and flows mainly thru Nigeria and enters Atlantic Ocean at Gulf of Guinea
Murray- Darling (Australia )	Murray – rises in Australian Alps; Darling-biggest tributary ( joins it in the New South Wales ) both empty into Indian Ocean at Encounter Bay
Volga ( Europe)	Rises in Valdai Plateau north-east of Moscow and enters the Caspian Sea
Danube (Europe)	Rises near Baden (Germany); enters the Black Sea

RIVER SYSTEMS OF INDIA

HIMALAYAN RIVERS : Rises from Great Himalaya, Karakoram .Ladakh, Zanskar, Kailasah and Trasns –Himalaya ranges and ultimately join to form 3 great river systems.
The Indus system : One of the world’s largest river system
River	Origin	Destination	Length				Tributaries			Other Features
The Indus (westernmost of Himalaya )	Mansarover Lake side of, Tibet	Arabian Sea		1270			Zanskar( rises on Zanskar Range and joins Indus below Leh) Dras( from northern side of Zojila pass) Shyok(from northern side of Karakorum Shigar: drains southern slope of k2			draining the glaciers and mountain slopes of many peaks: Masherbrum(7821m), Nanga Parbat (7114m), Rakaposhi(7788m), Tirich Mir (7690m)
The Jhelum	Seshanag	Wular lake		725			Lidar: at the head of it			Imp river in Kashmir , main waterway
The Chenab ( largest of Indus tributaries )				1800			Chandra and Bhaga : at source , rises opp sides of Baralacha Pass in Lahul Chandra: flows thru a snow-clad , barren country Bhaga :precipitous stream Chandra & bhaga joins @Thandi nd flows thru Chamba			largest tributary of Indus
The Ravi ( smallest river of Punjab )	Rohtang pass	join Chenab in Pakistan		725km
The Beas	Rohtang pass	Joins Sutlej
The Sutlej	Rakas Lake						Spiti			Imp trading centre betn Kailas & Mansarover
The Saraswati	In siwalik hills of simur	joins Ghaggar
The Ganga System : important river system, covers fourth of country’s total surface; Bhagirathi: upper course of river , Source: Gangotri Glacier(Gomukh) Alakananda: another stream from Alaka Glacier , Devprayag: two head streams meet at Devprayag , largest river basin in country
River	Origin	Destination			Length		Tributaries			other features
The Yamuna	Yamontri glacier			1376			Joins Ganga @ Allahabad ; Chambal ( rises near Mhow ), Sind , Betwa ,Ken
The Son	Amarkantak	Joins Yamuna @Etawah district					joining Ganga near Ramnagar
The Ram Ganga	Kumaon Himalaya						joining Ganga near Kannauj
The Sarda (called Cauka and Kali)	greet Himalaya	Joins Ganga near Kannauj
The Ghaghra	East of Gangotri
The Gandak	Nepal china border ( central Himalaya )						Meets Ganga on its left at sonpur
The Kosi	Peaks of Nepal	ends in Ganga below Bhagalpur
The Damodar	Chottanagpur Plateau						Garhi, Konar, Jamunia. Barakar
The Brahmaputra System: also called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra, is a trans-boundary river and one of the major rivers of Asia. From its origin in southwestern Tibet as the Yarlung Zangbo River, it flows across southern Tibet to break through the Himalayas in great gorges and into Arunachal Pradesh where it is known as Dihang.[2] It flows southwest through the Assam Valley as Brahmaputra and south through Bangladesh as the Jamuna (not to be mistaken with Yamuna of India). There it merges with the Ganges to form a vast delta. About 1,800 miles (2,900 km) long, the river is an important source for irrigation and transportation.
PENINSULAR RIVERS
The East-flowing Rivers
River	Origin	Destination		Length				Tributaries		other features
The Mahanadi	near Sihawa in Raipur (Chhattisgarh)	Bay of Bengal		858						drainage areas: 53%M.P nd chattisgarh,46%Orissa and rest- M.P. nd Jharkhand
The Godavari	Trambak(Nasik – western Ghats )	Bay of Bengal (form large delta before draining)		1465			Manjara , Penganga , Pranhita ,Wardha, Waingangā ,Indrāvati, Tal , Sabari, Mula and Pravara			largest of peninsula and 2nd largest river of country , known as Vrindha Ganga and Dakshin Ganga
The Krishna	North of Mahabaleshwar (western Ghats )	Bay of Bengal		1400			Tungabhadra –largest tributary (Tunga+Bhadra):originates in Mysore nd join below shimoga Bhima: flows thru Maharashtra nd Andhra Pradesh
The Subarnarekha	Chottanagpur Plateau(Ranchi)	Bay of Bengal		395
The Penner	Kolar dist.(Karnataka)	sea near town of Nellore					Chitravati and Papaghni
The Brahmani	formed by joining Koel and sankh	Bay of Bengal (Brahmani meets Baitarani just before)		705
The Baitarani	Keonjar Plateau in Orissa			333
The Cauvery	Brahmagiri hills in Coorg dist.			805			Bhavani, Noyil, Amaravati,Hemavati, Shimsa and Kabbani			55% of Cauvery basin lies in Tamil Nadu Karnataka (41%) Kerala (5%)
The Tambrapani	Agastyamalai’s slope (western Ghats )	Gulf of Mannar
The West-flowing Rivers
River	Origin	Destination				Length			Tributaries	other features
The Narmada	Amarkantak plateau (M.P.)			1312						largest of west flowing rivers ; Dhuandhara Falls: it cascades down to make the narrow gorge of Marble Rocks
The Tapti	near Multai Plateau (Satpura)	Gulf of Cambay		724			Purna :enters Khandesh			2nd largest of west flowing rivers
The Luni	Annasagar in Aravalis(Ajmer)	Sahni marshes of the Rann of Kutch.					Sarsuti: rises Pushkar lake at Ajmer
The Sabarmati	Lake of Jai Samudra in Udaipur dist.	Gulf of Cambay					Sabar(coming from Idar) and Hathmati(coming from Mahikantha)
The Mahi	Gwalior Author---	Gulf of Cambay Nisha Dolas		560

Related articles by Zemanta

• Continent facts (swapsushias.blogspot.com)